A person who has suffered a TBI may often experience difficulties with balance, spatial orientation, coordination, cognitive function, and speech. Usually a referral for visual consultation only occurs if there’s an injury to an eye or if ocular pathology is suspected. Persons with a TBI frequently experience symptoms of double vision, movement of print or stationary objects (such as walls and floor), eye strain, visual fatigue, headaches, and problems with balance. Visual problems are among the most common sequalae following a TBI, but frequently not dealt with in a rehabilitation model.
Circulatory System / Cardiovascular
- Advanced Systolic Heart Failure
- Cardiac Arrest
- Class III heart failure
- Coronary Artery Disease
- Hyperlipidemia
- Hypertension
- Hypervolemia
- Hyponatremia
- Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP)
- Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)
- Nonischemic Cardiomyopathy
- Postural Orthostatic Tachcardia Syndrome (POTS)
- Presyncope
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Pulmonary Hypertension
- Raynaud’s Syndrome
- Syncope
- Tachycardia
- Tangier’s Disease
- Tetralogy of Fallot - Congenital Heart Defect
- Vasculitis
Digestive System / Excretory System
- Abdominal Adhesions
- Alcohol Hepatitis
- Chronic Gastritis
- Chronic Pancreatitis
- Cirrhosis
- Crohn’s Disease
- Diverticulosis
- Duodenal Obstruction
- Entritis
- Epiploic Appendagitis
- Esophageal Dysphagia
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
- Gastroparesis
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
- Rectal Prolapse
- Ulcerative Colitis
Immune System / Lymphatic System
- Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency (GHD)
- Antiphospholipid Syndrome
- Chronic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (CIRS)
- Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID)
- Dizziness
- Hashimoto’s Disease
- JC Virus
- Lupus
- Lymphedema
- Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD)
- Multicentric Castleman Disease (MCD)
- Sjogren’s Syndrome
- Undifferentiated connective tissue disease (UCTD)
Musculoskeletal System
- Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint Separation
- Anterolisthesis / Spondylolisthesis
- Bunions
- Bursitis
- Calcaneal Spurring
- Cauda Equina Syndrome
- Cervical Syrinx
- Cervicalgia
- Degenerative Disc Disease (Lumbar, Cervical & Thoracic Spine)
- Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
- Enthesopathy
- Epidural Lipomatosis
- Facet Joint Disorders
- Haglund’s Deformity
- Herniated Disk
- Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow)
- Lumbago
- Lumbar disk Disease
- Myelopathy
- Myoadenylate Deaminase Deficiency (MADD)
- Neuroforaminal Narrowing
- Osteogenesis Imperfecta
- Osteopenia
- Patella-Femoral Syndrome (PFS)
- Piriformis Syndrome
- Plantar Fasciitis
- Post Laminectomy Syndrome / Failed Back Syndrome
- Radiculitis
- Radiculopathy
- Retrolisthesis
- Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction
- Sacroilitis
- Sciatica
- Scoliosis
- Spinal Hemangiomas
- Spinal Stenosis
- Spondylosis
- Stenosing Tenosynovitis
- Temporomandibular Joint Pain Syndrome (TMJ)
Nervous System
- Anoxic Brain Injury
- Arachnoid Cysts
- Brain Lesions (Cavernous Hemangiomas)
- Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
- Cervical Dystonia (Spasmodic Torticollis)
- Charcot Neuroarthropathy (Charcot Foot/Ankle)
- Cisplatin Toxicity (Chemo Brain)
- Cognitive Impairment
- Encephalopathy
- Epilepsy
- Fiber Neuropathy
- Front Intermittent Rhythmic Delta Activity (FIRDA)
- Headaches
- Hemiparesis
- Hepatic Encephalopathy
- Intracranial Hemorrhage
- Lumbosacral Neuritis
- Lumbosacral Plexopathy
- Mitochondrial Myopathy
- Multiple Sclerosis
- Neuralgia
- Paresthesia
- Parkinson’s Disease
- Polyneuropathy (Peripheral Neuropathy)
- Post-Concussion Syndrome
- Radial Nerve Palsy
- Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy (RSD) / Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
- Stroke
- Traumatic Brain Injury